Could anyone have predicted ten years ago the path that Ben Affleck has taken? To go from being the butt of countless ?~Bennifer?(TM) jokes, prancing around Hollywood in terrycloth jumpsuits, to being one of the most interesting, well-composed film-makers working today? Audiences love a comeback story, and that?(TM)s precisely what Affleck has given us, with three excellent films under his belt, the best of which, Argo, is a genuine front-runner for best film of 2012.It?(TM)s possible that Ben Affleck?(TM)s skill as a director and (as his fantastic work in Argo can attest) actor, owes a great deal to his time right in the centre of the public eye. Rebuilding his credibility as an artist to be taken seriously must have been no mean feat, given the ridiculous level of tabloid exposure he had, but by turning his attention to slow-burn thoughtful fare such as Argo he has all but removed himself from public life and simply lets the quality of the work speak for itself.Argo is a fascinating story, so absurd that it can only be true. Concerning a covert mission to rescue six American citizens in hiding during the Iranian hostage crisis of the early 1980s, it?(TM)s deeply serious material, but with an almost farcical edge. And while Affleck certainly takes many opportunities to inject humour into the film, the stakes are so high that when the extraction actually begins, the level of suspense stretches the limits of endurance.Bizarrely, the film makes an interesting counterpoint to last year?(TM)s suspense highlight Mission: Impossible - Ghost Protocol. Where that film relied on outlandish stunts and huge suspension of disbelief to perch us on the edge of our seats however,Affleck?(TM)s languid pacing works perfectly for Argo. Creative license is assumed, but the realism permeates every frame. M:I?(TM)s Ethan Hunt is for all intents and purposes a superhero, whereas Tony Mendez (Affleck) is simply a man, albeit an expert as his specific vocation. He appears to take everything in stride, right down to his troubled home life, and Affleck?(TM)s enigmatic performance is easy to overlook, but absolutely grounds the film.It?(TM)s character work that gives nothing away yet says so much, and if he appears to take everything in stride, it?(TM)s simply because he must. This is a man who prepares for the worst so he won?(TM)t be caught unawares when it happens, and as such he seems a little distant, aloof as to whether the mission succeeds. Yet small moments give him away, betraying his intense investment in what he does. It?(TM)s not flashy, but it?(TM)s a very well pitched performance.As good as Affleck is in his dual role as star and director, this is by no means a one man show. Alongside a mightily impressive cast including Bryan Cranston, Alan Arkin and John Goodman, the film is beautifully shot with wonderful period detail, and Alexandre Desplat?(TM)s clever, lively score adds the exciting spy film atmosphere that is absent from the script.Argo is a triumph, an old-fashioned example of how to make tense, exciting adult drama, and it?(TM)s not unreasonable to assume that Affleck?(TM)s film will be a key player on the coming award circuit, and deservedly so.tinribs27.wordpress.com
Global credit card company Visa has handed its regional PR brief to BPG Public Relations.
The Dubai-based agency beat an undisclosed number of agencies to the account following a competitive pitch that had begun in early September. BPG officially takes over the business on 1 November.
Naamat Baradhy, head of corporate relations at Visa Middle East and North Africa, said BPG would manage the company?s corporate communications and public relations activities in the GCC.
?Their strategic thinking, passion, enthusiasm for the Visa business and the quality of their team were important factors in our decision to select BPG Public Relations as our new partner,? said Baradhy. ?We are looking forward to a close and successful partnership that will help Visa to enhance its corporate communications in the GCC and strengthen our leadership position as a innovative payment platform in the region.?
The incumbent on the account was Dubai-based integrated communications company DABO & Co, which had held the business since 2004. It was not known whether the independent agency was invited to re-pitch for the business.
National Control Commission for Prices and Energy set the newly adjusted AB Lietuvos Dujos natural gas transmission and distribution price caps (effective from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2013) and approved the adjusted version of AB Lietuvos Dujos long-term programme (for 2009?2013) of investments in gas transmission and distribution systems.
The natural gas transmission price cap (effective from 1 January 2013) was set at LTL 44.26* / 1000 m3, and the natural gas distribution price cap was set at LTL 179.33 / 1000 m3.
Following the price caps that were set by the NCCPE, the Board of Directors of AB Lietuvos Dujos will subsequently adopt its decision regarding the specific natural gas transmission and distribution service tariffs (effective from 1 January 2013). Then the tariffs will be submitted to the NCCPE for review and final approval.
NCCPE also set the Liquefied Natural Gas Terminal related extra tariff component for the year 2013 to cover part of the costs of the installation of the facilities and the connector of the prospective LNGT.
The aforesaid tariff component was set at LTL 37.53 / 1000 m3. According to the Description of procedures for the administration of funds allocated to cover the costs (or part thereof) related to the construction and operation of the Liquefied Natural Gas Terminal, the LNGT infrastructure and connector (as adopted by the NCCPE), from 2013, the LNGT funds (based on the aforesaid LNGT-extra tariff component) will have to be paid by all users of the Gas Transmission System.
According to the Law on the Liquefied Natural Gas Terminal, the entity appointed in charge of the administration of the LNGT funds, the Transmission System Operator ? AB Lietuvos Dujos, will collect the LNGT funds and transfer them to the beneficiary ? the company that was appointed by the Government to implement the LNGT Project (AB Klaipedos Nafta).
* LTL 3.45 = EUR 1
LNG World News Staff, October 26, 2012; Image: AB Lietuvos Dujos
Passing through Laramie after an unsuccessful antelope hunt, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia stopped at the University of Wyoming to make an impassioned and humorous case for sticking to the original meaning of the U.S. Constitution.
Scalia said Thursday he deplores the popular notion that the Constitution changes to meet society's needs. Rather, he said he sticks to its original meaning just as when people read Shakespeare they use a glossary to check the original meaning of his words.
Scalia denied his approach always leads to the most conservative decisions. For example, he said he sided with the court majority in ruling that it's constitutional to allow burning of the U.S. flag. But he said if he were king, he would throw "that bearded, sandal-wearing weirdo in jail."
??The entire Northeast coast was told Friday to be prepared for potential flooding, high winds and even snow early next week as Hurricane Sandy made its way north after killing 41 people in the Caribbean.
ScienceDaily (Oct. 25, 2012) ? Always look on the bright side of life. Thanks to a new study from Concordia University, this catchy refrain offers a prescription for staying healthy during one's golden years.
Research has shown that lonely older adults are at greater risk of developing health problems but a new study by Carsten Wrosch, a professor in Concordia's Department of Psychology and member of the Centre for Research in Human Development, offers hope. In a forthcoming article in Psychosomatic Medicine, Wrosch proves that older adults who approach life with a positive outlook can reverse the negative health issues associated with a lonely life.
"Our aim was to see whether using self-protective strategies, such as thinking positively and avoiding self-blame in the context of common age-related threats could prevent lonely older adults from exhibiting increases in stress hormones and inflammatory biomarkers," explains Wrosch, who co-authored the article with Concordia's PhD graduate, Rebecca Rueggeberg, and colleagues Gregory Miller from the University of British Columbia and Thomas McDade from Northwestern University in Illinois.
To test this, the research team followed 122 senior citizens over a six-year period. They measured self-protective strategies with a questionnaire where participants were asked to rate statements such as, "Even if my health is in very difficult condition, I can find something positive in life," or "When I find it impossible to overcome a health problem, I try not to blame myself." The research team also measured loneliness by asking participants to what extent they felt lonely or isolated during a typical day.
Wrosch and his colleagues also used saliva and blood samples to measure how much cortisol and C-reactive protein (CRP) the participants produced. These two biological markers were chosen because cortisol is responsible for stress-related changes in the body; and people with elevated CRP are at increased risk of inflammatory illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
Their findings showed that, among lonely older adults, the use of positive thinking helped protect against an increase in cortisol secretion. Four years down the road, further tests showed the participants' CRP levels had improved. In essence, lonely older adults who reframe problematic health circumstances positively and do not blame themselves for negative health issues can decrease health threats associated with stress and inflammation. For those older adults who did not report feelings of loneliness, this type of thinking had no effect -- supposedly because their social networks may help them deal with age-related problems.
Overall, these findings could contribute to successful aging. "It's my hope that our research may improve clinical treatment of lonely older adults," says Wrosch. "Older adults can be taught through counseling or therapy to engage in self-protective thoughts like staying positive when it comes to their own health. That means a better quality of life, both physically and mentally -- something we all want at any age."
Share this story on Facebook, Twitter, and Google:
Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:
Story Source:
The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Concordia University.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
These two new USB hubs from Satechi won’t add much bulk to your travel gear, but they’ll give you four additional USB 2.0 ports for connecting your devices to your computer (Windows 98SE /ME /2000 /XP /Vista /7,?Mac OS 9.1 or above, or Linux 2.4 or above) or to game consoles. ?Both hubs have?bus overvoltage [...]
Small organisms could dramatically impact world's climatePublic release date: 25-Oct-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Layne Cameron Layne.Cameron@cabs.msu.edu 517-353-8819 Michigan State University
EAST LANSING, Mich. Warmer oceans in the future could significantly alter populations of phytoplankton, tiny organisms that could have a major impact on climate change.
In the current issue of Science Express, Michigan State University researchers show that by the end of the 21st century, warmer oceans will cause populations of these marine microorganisms to thrive near the poles and may shrink in equatorial waters. Since phytoplankton play a key role in the food chain and the world's cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and other elements, a drastic drop could have measurable consequences.
"In the tropical oceans, we are predicting a 40 percent drop in potential diversity," said Mridul Thomas, MSU graduate student and one of the co-authors. "If the oceans continue to warm as predicted, there will be a sharp decline in the diversity of phytoplankton in tropical waters and a poleward shift in species' thermal niches, if they don't adapt to climate change."
Thomas co-authored the study with fellow MSU graduate student Colin Kremer, plant biology, and their faculty mentors Elena Litchman, MSU zoologist, and Christopher Klausmeier, MSU plant biologist. The team, which conducted its research at MSU's Kellogg Biological Station, explained that since phytoplankton play a key role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, and thus, global climate, this shift could cause significant change.
The microorganisms use light, carbon dioxide and nutrients to grow. Although phytoplankton are small, they flourish in every ocean, consuming as much carbon dioxide through photosynthesis as all the terrestrial plants combined.
Water temperatures strongly influence their growth rates. In fact, phytoplankton in warmer equatorial waters can grow much faster than their cold-water cousins. With worldwide temperatures predicted to increase over the next century, it's important to gauge phytoplankton's reaction and what will happen to the carbon that they currently carry to the ocean floor.
The researchers were able to show that phytoplankton have adapted to local current temperatures. Based on projections of ocean temperatures in the future, however, many phytoplankton may not adapt quickly enough to changes in their current environment. Since phytoplankton can't regulate their temperatures or migrate, they may suffer significantly limited growth and diversity, Kremer said.
Being able to forecast the impact of these changes will be a useful tool for scientists around the world, said David Garrison, program director in the National Science Foundation Division of Ocean Sciences.
"This is an important contribution to predicting plankton productivity and community structure in the oceans of the future," he said. "The work addresses how phytoplankton species are affected by a changing environment, and the really difficult question of whether evolutionary adaptation to those changes is possible."
###
This research is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and MSU's BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action.
Michigan State University has been working to advance the common good in uncommon ways for more than 150 years. One of the top research universities in the world, MSU focuses its vast resources on creating solutions to some of the world's most pressing challenges, while providing life-changing opportunities to a diverse and inclusive academic community through more than 200 programs of study in 17 degree-granting colleges.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Small organisms could dramatically impact world's climatePublic release date: 25-Oct-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Layne Cameron Layne.Cameron@cabs.msu.edu 517-353-8819 Michigan State University
EAST LANSING, Mich. Warmer oceans in the future could significantly alter populations of phytoplankton, tiny organisms that could have a major impact on climate change.
In the current issue of Science Express, Michigan State University researchers show that by the end of the 21st century, warmer oceans will cause populations of these marine microorganisms to thrive near the poles and may shrink in equatorial waters. Since phytoplankton play a key role in the food chain and the world's cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and other elements, a drastic drop could have measurable consequences.
"In the tropical oceans, we are predicting a 40 percent drop in potential diversity," said Mridul Thomas, MSU graduate student and one of the co-authors. "If the oceans continue to warm as predicted, there will be a sharp decline in the diversity of phytoplankton in tropical waters and a poleward shift in species' thermal niches, if they don't adapt to climate change."
Thomas co-authored the study with fellow MSU graduate student Colin Kremer, plant biology, and their faculty mentors Elena Litchman, MSU zoologist, and Christopher Klausmeier, MSU plant biologist. The team, which conducted its research at MSU's Kellogg Biological Station, explained that since phytoplankton play a key role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, and thus, global climate, this shift could cause significant change.
The microorganisms use light, carbon dioxide and nutrients to grow. Although phytoplankton are small, they flourish in every ocean, consuming as much carbon dioxide through photosynthesis as all the terrestrial plants combined.
Water temperatures strongly influence their growth rates. In fact, phytoplankton in warmer equatorial waters can grow much faster than their cold-water cousins. With worldwide temperatures predicted to increase over the next century, it's important to gauge phytoplankton's reaction and what will happen to the carbon that they currently carry to the ocean floor.
The researchers were able to show that phytoplankton have adapted to local current temperatures. Based on projections of ocean temperatures in the future, however, many phytoplankton may not adapt quickly enough to changes in their current environment. Since phytoplankton can't regulate their temperatures or migrate, they may suffer significantly limited growth and diversity, Kremer said.
Being able to forecast the impact of these changes will be a useful tool for scientists around the world, said David Garrison, program director in the National Science Foundation Division of Ocean Sciences.
"This is an important contribution to predicting plankton productivity and community structure in the oceans of the future," he said. "The work addresses how phytoplankton species are affected by a changing environment, and the really difficult question of whether evolutionary adaptation to those changes is possible."
###
This research is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and MSU's BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action.
Michigan State University has been working to advance the common good in uncommon ways for more than 150 years. One of the top research universities in the world, MSU focuses its vast resources on creating solutions to some of the world's most pressing challenges, while providing life-changing opportunities to a diverse and inclusive academic community through more than 200 programs of study in 17 degree-granting colleges.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Individuals stands out as the facility associated with almost any website not surprising that this set up for generating gain, in addition well-written, valuable facts probably will get people that would be basically on the search for during which exceptional tips right away. These include hot brings and in addition consumers. A little more clients you?ll be able to cd hard drive web or perhaps it is weblog websites the larger high-quality it is for your requirements and your new laptop bag. A good start for visitors implies additional thrilled individuals, perhaps even consequently, a far more sizeable adjustment saying. Just simply get, increased traffic bloodstream circulation means reared gain, and going to a history promotion system helps greatly.
The asking price of a story merchandising service is two parts: content writing and also written content entry.
Article writing
Subject theme coverage via the internet, and then the bring about from home; web is run for ask for. Search engines like bing list road, find as well as price subject matter such as world-wide-web wood logs, threads, window films, podcasts and more.
Organizing applicable, strategies, however, could be a tricky and in addition grueling project. It is really variety of and a tough test out for the majority of web entrepreneurs, especially the to begin with expansion regarding escalating a web business.
Article submission software spark internet marketers inside of setting up honest content articles together with other subject material through his or her preparing capacities. Persons give some thought to house built clothes and assist you to twist and edit everything you need appropriate numerous specialized help. That method could be several times, arranging many one of a kind although self-cleaning . subject matter. This is exactly necessary because availablility in subject material a blogger contributes articles definitely will at once result the actual line overall appeal as well as international worldwide recognition take an industry specialty.
Material Dividing
That online marketing assistance furthermore contain massive article/content entry. This specific newest designed tools usually are written and published amidst 100s of diverse internet attractions which experts claim build back links, site and also video playback. Good back-links are actually powerful and necessary as a consequence of engines like google for example hotmail very much like her / him and might basically increase job.
Have got Significant
Article writing to make money is normally believed to be a principal means of instructing websites internet websites. Consequently, if you are working with massive visitors your online content articles, you should really try and squeeze in a huge simple and easy content writing marketing for a ?to do? choices. If you?ve got the treat, electric power as well, the actual enough time to make the subject matter all by yourself, you can actually have to just simply ?go sell web based.Crawl If it?s not, take on without the intervention of the # 1 article marketing special to create, promote in conjunction with present subject material independent of your time and effort.
You?ll need the very best of many worlds-fresh content articles moving around new visitors your internet websites, greatly dispersed text providing one-way connections, together with a sizeable search engine rank.
Use outside agencies for to a article creation and submission vendor privided you can together with grow prospects.
Multi-level online marketing could be a remarkable and in most cases challenging niche. Article writing product or service certainly one critical for setting up your internet home business.
Do you think you?re searching for far more on Best Article Distribution? Check out Vincenzo L. Gardner?s web site now for far more details on Article Distribution Marketing straight away.
Veronique de Rugy sums up many points I continue to be thinking:
When I looked at the data?back in June, we saw that of the roughly ?40 billion that was shaved from the deficit during the 2010?2011 budget cycle, for every ?3 of new tax revenue, U.K. taxpayers got ?1 in cuts ? exactly the reverse of what was promised.
What?s more, the evidence indicates that U.K. has, at best, slowed down the growth of spending, but it has not?engaged in actual spending cuts. I documented the trend in British spending earlier this year:
A look at the data in Her Majesty?s Fiscal Year 2012?Budget shows (see table 2.3) that total managed expenditures will increase from ?696.4 billion in 2011?2012 to ?733.5 billion in 2014?2015, and further to ?756.3 billion in 2016?2017. Adjusted for population growth, this is slow growth, but not a savage cut. That table also shows a ?projected? drop in Public Sector Gross Investment between 2012?2013, but if it ever materializes, it will be contained to that year alone.
Spending cuts in the UK can?t be blamed for the weak growth path the country is on. On the other hand, tax increases can. Here is a list:
(For more, go here.) The bottom line is that the U.K. is another case of private-sector austerity (i.e.,?tax hikes) without public-sector austerity?(i.e., spending cuts).
For more detail, here is a new and very good paper by Anthony Evans.? Here are some interesting remarks from Nicholas Crafts.
? Social Media and Freedom of the Press | Main | Notice and Comment For the FCC's Broadcast Spectrum Auction ?
October 24, 2012
Copyright, Mash-Ups, and Digital Sampling
Michael Arase has published Digital Sampling & the Mash-Up: A 'Grey' Area for Copyright Law. Here is the abstract.
"The thing that?s really interesting about sampling is that we all do it?. We?ll pick up a catch phrase, or we?ll hear a song and we might sing it again on the street?. And the technology has allowed us to be able to immediately go to those source thoughts, source ideas, source moments, and to actually work with them creatively?. You could say that humans are just sampling machines?. We all learn by taking in what we hear and see and trying to imitate it, and output it again. That?s how we learn to speak. That?s how we learn to paint and make music as well." -Jeff Chang, author of Can?t Stop Won?t Stop.
This paper explores the mash-up, a composition created by blending two or more pre-recorded songs; usually the vocal track of one song over the instrumental track of another. Utilizing Danger Mouse?s 2004 record, The Grey Album, which ?mashed? vocal performances from Jay-Z?s The Black Album against instrumentals from The Beatles? White Album, this paper delves into the legal copyright implications that mash-ups, and more specifically, digital sampling have created.
Download the paper from SSRN at the link.
October 24, 2012 | Permalink
TrackBack
TrackBack URL for this entry: http://www.typepad.com/services/trackback/6a00d8341bfae553ef017d3cf6294e970c
Listed below are links to weblogs that reference Copyright, Mash-Ups, and Digital Sampling:
Mexican President Felipe Calder?n has inaugurated the first phase of the Delicias-Chihuahua highway modernization project, according to a presidential...
...
Including infrastructure information insight and forecasts for business opportunities in Costa Rica and Mexico, Business News Americas focuses on major projects, active companies, and business and sales contacts, providing networking opportunities with leading executives throughout Latin America.
Old video games have reached the point of being?collectibles? What used to be a fun family activity has become a gold mine for collectors. Sure, there are plenty of NES games that you can pick up for a dollar, and they are still fun to play, but there are some games that are worth?absolutely?insane dollar amounts. Some games are so valuable that they cost substantially more than most cars. Personally, I cannot imagine spending that kind of money for a video game, but I can certainly imagine selling one if I had one sitting in my closet.
Imagine opening your closet and finding a video game that could be worth $70,000. Imagine finding one and not knowing its value and selling it at a garage sale for a couple bucks. It?s easy to not realize that some games are worth big bucks and some are worth next to nothing. Mario 3 is an amazing game, but it?s so common that you can grab one for under ten dollars.
The games I am going to talk about today are ones most people have never heard of, and ones they might assume have no value. Maybe you should look through your old video game collection and see if you have one of these sitting around (and then sell it to me for really, really cheap).
Stadium Events
A used copy of stadium events usually sells for over $2000. Of course, that?s if you can even find a copy available, and as of this writing, there are none. However, there is a new copy on eBay selling for $70,000. No, I did not include a couple extra zeros in there. What else can you get for $70,000? How about a brand new BMW M3?convertible.
So why is this game so expensive? There are only 200 copies of the game known in?existence. Nintendo bought the rights from?Bandai and remade the game as?World Class Track Meet. Because of this, finding one of these games is considered the holy grail for NES collectors. Don?t confuse it with the PAL version though. While the PAL version is still valuable, it sells for more like $1000 for a sealed copy.
Nintendo World Championships
This game was never released at retail, and it is worth an obscene amount of money. They were given away at ?a Nintendo ?tournament in?1990, and there are only 90 known to have existed. This is not one you will find in your closet, but you never know, you could stumble on one at your local yard sale.
There is also a gold version of the?cartridge, but those are nearly impossible to find. They have sold for close to $20,000, while the gray version goes for closer to $10,000. As these were given out as prizes, there are no new copies available. Both carts features minigames designed to test the skills of the gamers in the tournament. If you ever stumble across one of these, consider yourself the king of video game collectors.
Myriad 6-in-1
During the heyday of the NES, developers often released carts without getting Nintendo approval, and most of them were utter garbage, and have little to no value in today?s market.?Myriad 6-in-1 is one of few exceptions. A new copy can easily pull over $5,000 and a used copy can often go for around $1,000.
This collection of six games in one?cartridge?has about 100 of them floating around out there in the world. The rest of the copies were purchased by?Caltron and rebranded as Caltron 6-in-1. Caltron?s version also has some value, but it?s in the hundreds, not thousands like Myriad?s version. Also, the games on this cart are terrible, so don?t go seeking this one out for fun gameplay value.
Flintstones: The Surprise at Dinosaur Peak!
This game has seen some serious market?fluctuation?over its history. Since 2009, it has gone for as low as $110 and as high as $1300 for a used copy. New copies, while incredibly rare, have fetched well over $2000. Currently, you can find a used copy on Amazon for around $800, which is still a pretty penny for a tiny NES cart.
The game is rare because it was only released at Blockbuster Video, so it was not readily available at video game stores. For?commercially?available games, this is the second most valuable behind Stadium Events. If you one find of these sitting in your video game collection, consider yourself a lucky individual. (I?m fairly certain I had this game as a child, and sadly, I cannot find it now.)
Conclusion
These games are considered the holy grail for video game collectors. Owning one of these is something most collectors (myself included) only dream of. If you have one, please, preserve it, as they are only going to become rarer as time goes on.
ScienceDaily (Oct. 16, 2012) ? A new study by Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) researchers suggests that for HIV patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to treat HIV, there is no benefit from high- vs. standard-dose micronutrient supplementation -- and that, in fact, high-dose supplements may cause harm. The study is the first large randomized trial to look at how high-dose multivitamin supplementation affects clinical outcomes among people on HAART.
The study appears in the Oct. 17, 2012 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).
Previous studies have shown that high doses of supplemental micronutrients help HIV patients that are not receiving HAART reduce disease progression and death, thus prolonging the time before HAART initiation is needed. The HSPH researchers wanted to know if high-dose multivitamin supplementation would provide a similar benefit for HIV patients on HAART; although HAART undoubtedly has major benefits, recovery of the immune system is incomplete, and the risks of mortality and opportunistic infections remain high especially in the first few months after HAART initiation.
The researchers, including lead author Sheila Isanaka, research fellow in the HSPH Department of Nutrition, and senior author Wafaie Fawzi, professor of nutrition, epidemiology, and global health and chair of the Department of Global Health and Population at HSPH, studied a group of 3,418 patients with HIV who started HAART between November 2006 and November 2008 in seven clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Half of the patients received high doses of supplements including vitamin B complex, vitamin C, and vitamin E; the other half received standard doses at the recommended dietary allowance level for a median duration of 15 months.
The results showed that high-dose supplementation had no effect on several key measures that reveal HIV disease progression -- CD4 count, plasma viral load, body mass index, or hemoglobin level concentration -- and did not reduce death or disease progression risks for HIV-infected patients. In addition, the researchers found that high doses of multivitamins increased patients' risk of having elevated levels of ALT, an enzyme associated with liver problems and other serious conditions.
"Although the provision of high-dose vitamin supplements has been found safe and efficacious among HIV-infected patients not receiving HAART, the results from this study show that the safety and efficacy of nutritional interventions in the context of potent combination therapies such as HAART need to be further examined," said Fawzi.
"This study provides no clear evidence of a benefit of high-dose micronutrient supplementation compared to standard-dose supplementation in adults receiving HAART, but it highlights the need for further research on how micronutrient supplements can be better positioned alongside antiretroviral drugs to reduce morbidity and mortality due to HIV," said Isanaka.
Micronutrients are key factors in maintaining immune function and neutralizing oxidative stress, and future studies could examine whether micronutrient supplements might be of benefit if they are offered with food, or given in lower doses, or given only after HIV patients have acclimated to HAART therapy, she said.
Other HSPH authors included Donna Spiegelman, professor of epidemiologic methods in the Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, James Okuma, biostatistician, and Chalamilla Guerino, research associate in the Department of Global Health and Population.
Support for the study was provided by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (grant RO1 HD32257).
Share this story on Facebook, Twitter, and Google:
Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:
Story Source:
The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Harvard School of Public Health, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
Isanaka S, Mugusi F, Hawkins C, et al. Effect of High-Dose vs Standard-Dose Multivitamin Supplementation at the Initiation of HAART on HIV Disease Progression and Mortality in Tanzania: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA, 2012; 308 (15): 1535-1544 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2012.13083
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
When teachers first argued against the use of standardized tests to judge their effectiveness, they were accused of trying to avoid accountability. But their cause has now been picked up by parents, who certainly can't be said to be opposed to accountability when their own children are involved.
I have reference to parent activists in New York City, home of the nation's largest school district ("Dear Teacher, Johnny Is Skipping the Test," The New York Times, Oct. 14). A small but growing number of parents are showing their disdain for standardized tests by boycotting both field testing and actual testing. Although it's too soon to know how far the movement will spread, what is apparent is its conviction that standardized testing is undermining the educational experience for students because of the high-stakes involved.
My views on standardized testing are contained in The Answer Sheet that was published on Oct. 8 in The Washington Post ("Still obtuse about standardized testing"). I think that their primary value is as a diagnostic tool. Finland uses these tests strictly for that purpose and never makes the results public. I'm not saying that this practice alone accounts for the reputation of schools there. But I think the Finns are on the right track by eliminating punitive consequences.
Standardized tests can also be used as one factor in evaluating teachers, provided the tests are reworked to make them more sensitive to instruction. The ones presently in widespread use do not allow this to be done. As a result, teachers are being unfairly penalized. Let's not forget that the purpose of assessment is to provide feedback to both teachers and to students. That's why I've long urged inclusion of portfolios as part of the process. I recognize their shortcomings, but I think they can provide valuable information about learning when done properly.
Those who defend standardized testing in its current form need to consider another of the inevitable consequences. This time the scene is El Paso, where cheating took a different turn. Administrators in the 64,000-student school district are accused of using a variety of tactics to prevent low-performing students from dragging down test scores ("El Paso Schools Confront Scandal of Students Who 'Disappeared' at Test Time," The New York Times, Oct. 14). To prevent these students from doing so on the Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills, they were transferred to charter schools, discouraged from enrolling in school or told not to go to school on test day.
We have not seen the end of this travesty by a long shot. As pressure mounts, Campbell's Law will make itself more prominent. So what started ostensibly as a way of improving educational quality for students is inexorably doing precisely the opposite.
After pulling the plug last month on one of its under-performing branches, a local bank is building a new location from scratch amid a run of profitability.
Tappahannock-based EVB in early September shut down its branch in Bowling Green. About 50 miles south, construction is underway for its newest branch in Colonial Heights.
The new location, a 5,000-square-foot office that will replace a nearby smaller building, is expected to be complete this year, said EVB Chief Executive Joe Shearin.
?We continually look at sites and the markets they?re in on at least an annual basis to determine [whether we are] in the right spots,? Shearin said. ?We looked at Bowling Green?s market. It?s not growing on its own.?
EVB, like many of its peers, reduced branches over the past few years to shave expenses, mostly by consolidating the operations of branches that were close to each other.
The new Colonial Heights branch will be at 3012 Boulevard, about 200 yards from a current EVB branch.
?We had outgrown the [current] facility and couldn?t expand it because we leased it,? Shearin said.
The new branch is part of several construction projects in that part of Colonial Heights. Read more in a report from the Progress-Index.
The shuttered branch in Caroline County, at 202 N. Main St. in Bowling Green, struggled to grow its loans and deposits since the recession. Shearin said the bank had given it several years to see if it could turn a corner.
?We hadn?t been able to grow it, and we decided to exit that market,? he said.
It also was a bit isolated from the rest of EVB?s footprint in a part of the region dominated by other banks, including Union First Market Bank.
?The branch was a little out of our marketplace,? Shearin said. ?It didn?t seem to fit into our plans.
EVB owns the property and has it up for sale, Shearin said. Nearby EVB branches in Ashland and King William can serve customers of the closed branch.
EVB is one of several local banks that had struggled for more than two years after the downturn, but it has begun to turn the corner and post consecutive quarterly profits.
After losses in 2009, 2010 and much of 2011, the Tappahannock-based bank reported a $473,000 profit in the second quarter and a profit of almost $1 million through the first six months of the year.
EVB?s nonperforming assets were down to $22 million from $35 million at the end of the second quarter. That?s from a peak of $39 million in 2010.
With 22 branches, the bank doesn?t have any other real estate moves planned.
?Right now we?re comfortable where we are. We might relocate one here or there,? Shearin said.
About the author: Michael Schwartz View all posts by Michael Schwartz
Michael Schwartz is the BizSense Editor and covers banking, law and small business for BizSense. Please send news tips to Michael@richmondbizsense.com.
ScienceDaily (Oct. 13, 2012) ? A study presented at the Anesthesiology 2012? annual meeting revealed Botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX) injections significantly improve pain and quality of life in people with chronic bilateral posterior neck and shoulder myofascial pain syndrome.
Traditional therapies for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome include medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen or naproxen), steroids and muscle relaxants, physical therapy and behavioral modification.
"At best, long-term benefit with traditional therapies is transient and unpredictable," said Andrea L. Nicol, M.D., M.S., Director of Research -- UCLA Pain Management Center, Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Anesthesiology -- Division of Pain Management, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. "Even with these treatments, some people with myofascial pain syndrome get incomplete benefit or no benefit at all."
BOTOX is used commercially to treat multiple painful medical conditions, including migraine headaches, spasticity and cervical dystonia. It is also used cosmetically as a means of reducing the appearance of frown lines and wrinkles.
"BOTOX is in a class of medications called neurotoxins and when injected into muscles, blocks the nerve signals that cause the tightening of muscle, leading to muscle relaxation. Thus, BOTOX may offer advantages over traditional therapies for myofascial pain syndrome due to its prolonged and sustained effects," Dr. Nicol confirmed.
About the Study
The study was conducted at the University of California, Los Angeles by Chronic Pain Management Specialists F. Michael Ferrante, M.D. and Andrea Nicol, M.D. All subjects who enrolled in the study were given injections of BOTOX into the painful muscles of the neck and shoulder area during the first phase of the study. Subjects with significant improvement to BOTOX treatment moved on to the second phase of the study and were randomized into two groups. Subjects in the treatment group had BOTOX injections into the painful muscles of the neck and shoulder area. Subjects in the control group received a placebo injection (salt water) into the painful muscles of the neck and shoulder.
Those enrolled in the study were monitored intermittently to assess their response to the injections. Pain scales and questionnaires were administered to document response and perform data analysis.
Analysis of the results revealed subjects who received BOTOX injections had:
A significantly greater reduction of their pain scores compared to those subjects who had received placebo injections.
A significant reduction in the number of headaches they experienced on a weekly basis.
The severity of the subjects' headaches (numerical pain score rating) was reduced.
A significant reduction in the interference of their pain with regards to general activity, sleep and enjoyment, indicating an overall improved quality of life.
Given the findings of this study, BOTOX may be an option for those who have been suffering with myofascial pain syndrome and have yet to find relief with traditional therapies.
Share this story on Facebook, Twitter, and Google:
Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:
Story Source:
The above story is reprinted from materials provided by American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), via Newswise.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
FILE -- An headshot file photo released by Italian Police on May 18, 2005, showing Lazhar Ben Mohamed Tlil, a Tunisian who became an Islamic militant and was trained in Afghanistan to kill Americans, who entered the witness protection program after providing information to Italian investigators about several detainees at Guantanamo, his court-appointed lawyer, Davide Boschi, told The Associated Press. The lawyer has said that Tlil, considered an important witness by both Italians and Americans, would not talk to prosecutors without firm guarantees of a new identity, documents, a job, medical coverage and a visit to his parents in Tunisia. (AP Photo/Antonio Calanni)
FILE -- An headshot file photo released by Italian Police on May 18, 2005, showing Lazhar Ben Mohamed Tlil, a Tunisian who became an Islamic militant and was trained in Afghanistan to kill Americans, who entered the witness protection program after providing information to Italian investigators about several detainees at Guantanamo, his court-appointed lawyer, Davide Boschi, told The Associated Press. The lawyer has said that Tlil, considered an important witness by both Italians and Americans, would not talk to prosecutors without firm guarantees of a new identity, documents, a job, medical coverage and a visit to his parents in Tunisia. (AP Photo/Antonio Calanni)
ROME (AP) ? A woman who dares to cooperate with police in the fight against a dreaded Italian mob network is murdered, her body dumped in a barrel of acid in the countryside near Milan. Her 17-year-old daughter steps forward and testifies, helping to send six people to prison for life.
The lurid 2009 murder and the court verdict delivered in April gave a rare peek into Italy's secretive witness protection program, which marked its 20th anniversary this year and is considered Italy's single most important window into the secretive world of organized crime. Hundreds of mobsters have been given new identities in exchange for information that helped put longtime fugitive leaders behind bars, including the "boss of bosses" Salvatore Riina.
The use of insiders has combined with the seizure of mob assets to help Italy achieve a once unattainable goal: crippling the Sicilian Cosa Nostra.
"It has advanced immensely the fight against organized crime," said Felia Allum, a British academic who studies organized crime.
Italy's famed anti-Mafia prosecutors Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino had fought in the 1980s to establish the two anti-mob weapons, arguing that criminals needed some incentive to step forward and turn state's evidence. They were killed by mob bombs within two months of one another in 1992, but not before they'd laid the foundations for a crime-fighting system that has largely tamed, if not defeated, the Mafia.
Living under state protection does take exact a heavy toll on witnesses.
A major problem is that most mobsters in the program are from Italy's underdeveloped south, and they are generally exiled to what they see as a hostile environment in the prosperous north, because it's easier to hide them there. There have been suicides. Some return to crime when their collaboration with the state comes to an end.
"They are given a new identity and a lump sum of money to start their new life but they are not helped as much as they should be to reintegrate back into society," said Allum.
The dead woman in the 2009 murder, 36-year-old Lea Garofalo, had left the government program "feeling uneasy" about her protection, her lawyer Vincenza Rando said, adding that she was subjected to unwanted sexual advances from her police guards. "She didn't feel well protected and risked it on her own."
Garofalo's daughter Denise felt that her mother's decision had cost her life, so she decided to put her trust in the program. She was the key witness in the trial and now lives with a new identity in an undisclosed location. The contrasting fates of mother and daughter underscore how critical it is for witnesses in mob cases to obtain new identities. Without one, experts say, turncoats like Lea Garofalo become sitting ducks for inevitable revenge killings.
Denise Garofalo is one of nearly 4,700 people in the program -- about 1,000 so-called "collaborators" who have turned state's evidence and the rest family members, according to a document obtained by The Associated Press on figures up to 2010. It is believed to be the second largest program after that of the United States. Most have been witnesses in cases against the Sicilian Mafia, the Neapolitan Camorra and the Calabrian 'ndrangheta --the crime syndicate in the Garofalo case.
Prosecutors say that no one who has followed the protection rules has been harmed. Those who stray do so at their own peril, like the son of a Camorra boss who returned to his hometown and was slain.
Changing immigration patterns and the spread of international terrorism have led authorities to open the program to eastern Europeans, North Africans and several other nationalities, according to the Interior Ministry report to parliament.
Lazhar Ben Mohamed Tlil, a Tunisian who became an Islamic militant and was trained in Afghanistan to kill Americans, entered the witness protection program after providing information to Italian investigators about several detainees at Guantanamo, his court-appointed lawyer, Davide Boschi, told The Associated Press.
The lawyer has said that Tlil, considered an important witness by both Italians and Americans, would not talk to prosecutors without firm guarantees of a new identity, documents, a job, medical coverage and a visit to his parents in Tunisia.
An Interior Ministry report to parliament acknowledged criticism of the way the program works due to a "large, unexpected influx of people" into the program recent years. Witness protection costs some ?100 million (more than $100 million) a year. It often fails to help former criminals return to normal life. And foreigners in the program face tough bureaucratic roadblocks to creating decent lives in Italy.
Still, criminal experts give the program high marks despite the headaches it faces in determining who may be lying, creating new identities and trying to hide the turncoats in Italy, where authorities have fewer options than in the much larger United States.
"By demonstrating that its institutions are standing as one in facing the Mafia, Italy is setting an example for the world against organized crime," Interpol Secretary-General Ronald K. Noble told a convention on organized crime in Sicily over the summer.
Until Italy established the program in the early 90s, the most famous witness, Tommasso Buscetta, needed to be sheltered abroad. He helped convict some 350 mobsters in the 1980s before being given a new identity in the United States in the American witness protection program.
While the release of criminals with blood on their hands has been contentious, Alfonso Sabella, a former Palermo prosecutor defended Italy's witness protection program in an interview with the Turin newspaper La Stampa.
It was, he said, a "necessary choice ? when it was clear that the Mafia couldn't be brought to its knees through traditional means."
___
AP correspondent Colleen Barry contributed from Milan.
A Massachusetts man has been charged with illegally transporting a smoke grenade in his checked suitcase while returning from a trip to Japan.
Agents from Immigration and Customs Enforcement arrested Yongda Huang Harris, 28, a naturalized U.S. citizen of Chinese descent, Friday in Los Angeles. He was flying from Japan, through South Korea and then Los Angeles, on his way to Boston.
What alerted agents to check his suitcase? ?It might have been the bullet-proof vest or the flame-retardant pants that he was wearing under his trench coat.
According to ICE, a search of his checked bag turned up the smoke grenade as well as "three leather-coated billy clubs, a collapsible baton, a full-face respirator, various knives, a hatchet, body bags, a biohazard suit, handcuffs, leg irons, and a device to repel dogs."
He appeared late Tuesday in federal court in Los Angeles. There's no thought he was a terrorist or was plotting to do anything on the various planes he was flying on, a federal official says. But transporting a smoke grenade is illegal.
ICE isn't saying what airline allowed him to begin his journey. Court documents say his trip originated in Kansai, Japan, stopped over in Inchon, Korea, and then in Los Angeles on his way to Boston. ?A federal official says the Japan to Korea flight was not on a U.S. carrier.
Pete Williams is NBC News' chief justice correspondent.?
More content from NBCNews.com:
Follow US news from NBCNews.com on Twitter and Facebook
Web design India?s an Internet procedure thought up to web-design firms to aid business obtain global access. Web-design firms target constructing an online business for your establishment so that your firm obtains great outcomes with better sales and profits. This is what?s helpful to you over the long term since it meets your needs from web design to promotion. The point of owning a site?s to expose your web presence. It?s meant to tell consumers about the firm, firm operations and other stuff about your company.
A website can be very useful to turn your visitors into your future customers.
Web-design firms know clients? needs and prep a site basis, whether it is for hosting Mexico or not. As the client, you offer the web designer all the tools needed to construct a site; the designer dreams up ways of constructing the site. They focus on the uniqueness of design so the pro team hired by a web-design firm looks at the competitions? sites, and then, after glancing at the competition, offer up superior cost-effective answers to said client and prep a wonderful site for the client.
Said site is constructed by remembering that the visitors? attention has to be grabbed at all times, which is the real challenge. If your site is swell, then it?ll not have a hard time in catching the attention of site visitors, yet if it?s boring, then it might even turn off any potential customers, thereby affecting your bottom line negatively. The right planning and strategizing are required in order to construct the ideal site. The site must feature a nice balance between information and visual appeal, too. Web-design firms construct user-enabled sites that are simple for a visitor to get and use.
Website design company offers a wide range of services like brochure designing, logo designing, flash designing,content design service, eCommerce solutions,photo retouching and restoration service,2d gaming service, prepress service, book layout and cover design services or product co-creation service. The ultimate aim of web designing company is the client satisfaction so to satisfy their client web designers make the website more presentable by putting more interactive features like online games or gallery or blog so as to create interest of the visitors.
A web-design firm is the best solution to all of your necessities.
Diseos web high impact Professional. Develop ideas that if they sell!. Quotes here without obligation.
Related posts:
Toronto Web Design Firm- Why You Need a Good Company! Website owners searching for a Toronto web design firm need to make sure they find a reputable and experienced company. Your website is the lifeline when it comes to potential prospects becoming customers, so appeal, functionality, and plenty of traffic is essential to your success. Even though there are several establishments out there who would like your business, if they don't offer ample experience and an assortment of services you should look somewhere else....
This is Web Design Malaysia Due to boost in on the internet trading, a sizable amount of companies are now taking aid from IT specialists for creating their websites. Nobody is stupid enough that he miss this fantastic revenue chance so should you personal any business otherwise you are into any enterprise and you also have nonetheless not created your site then it's very suggested to complete so right now....
How To Choose The Most Qualified Professional Web Design Company Various businesses looking to start or revamp webpages need a professional web design company to help them improve their company's overall performance and attract more clients. They can design the perfect site for a company by analyzing the way they work and manage personnel, and then they present their top ideas to the client, allowing to choose the one they feel would best reflect the personality of the company. Before you make any final decisions about which designer or design company you are going to go with, here are a few things that you should know....
Innovative New Jersey Web Design Facilities New Jersey web design is the most sophisticated web design solutions provided for numerous factors. Many firms ponder how one can begin obtaining website development services and especially, what to expect from New Jersey web design. The consumers that look at New Jersey web design for a first-time website design or a site upgrade generally depart with maxed presumptions mainly because of the sophisticated capabilities and options that New Jersey web design provides. Items like the option to apply Search Engine Optimization features, and sophisticated flash and video onto a website help to make websites productive and sophisticated compared to...
About Web Design Website design can be a complicated business, but there are three components that can merge to yield a result that pleases both the client and the developer; the client's desires for the site are paramount, for the new website will be the public facade of his or her business....
This is the first in a series of posts about point of view. Inspired by my MA studies, I?d like to share with you all I know about this fascinating subject ? which is one many writers struggle with, but if used well can lift an ordinary story up into magnificence!
Part One ? Third Person Viewpoint and Free Indirect Style
Point of view in fiction is a thorny subject, and one that is often misunderstood. I recently read an article by Tahlia Newland, where she talks about ?head hopping? ? where point of view (POV) is not clearly defined, and isn?t used to best effect by the writer. If you?re unclear about basic third person POV, or want to know more about head hopping and why it?s considered bad form, have a read of Tahlia?s article.
I agree that POV needs to be used for maximum effect, and that switching between characters within the same paragraph isn?t the best way to control a reader?s experience of your story. It?s also one of my pet hates. On saying that, I recently read a book where the author did just this, but because she did it consistently, and because each character was so well-drawn and defined, it didn?t detract from my enjoyment at all.
What I want to focus on in this post is how to use third person viewpoint to draw the reader in to your fictional world completely ? to make them believe they are right inside a character?s mind, seeing the world through her eyes, experiencing events as they happen without anything getting in the way. And what could get in the way, you ask? Apart from the head hopping mentioned earlier, the other thing to watch out for is the intrusion of the narrator?s voice.
What do I mean by narrator?s voice? Well, look at it this way ? who is telling the story? You are, of course, but in the world of the story, who is telling it to the reader? If your book uses first person POV then it?s obvious ? it?s the character who is talking, telling his or her story directly to the reader. But if you use a third person viewpoint, then who is speaking, writing, relating the story on the page? Often the author is quite visible in fiction, with language and choice of phrase consistent with the writer, not necessarily the characters. A classic example is the vivid, writing-workshop-esque description of a landscape, not seen through a character?s eyes but placed into the story because the writer wants the reader to ?see? the setting. This is the omniscient viewpoint in action (more on this in future posts), and while often effective, it removes the reader from the action, rather than shoving her slap bang into the middle of it.
Now imagine seeing a landscape entirely through a character?s eyes. It?s a landscape where something is happening ? there?s a point to its description, it?s not just there to look pretty or show off the writer?s gift for metaphor. Our hero, Bettina, is arriving at university for the first time. It?s a historic building, and the omniscient viewpoint would describe the stunning architecture, the colour of the stone, the history of its construction.
And then there?s really good third person viewpoint:
?Bettina stood in the middle of the scavenging pack, searching for clues to where she should be right now. Freshers? Fair ? a free-for-all of pounding music, insistent voices, tiny carrier bags crammed with free gifts, and improbable societies touting for members. The walls of the quadrant closed in above her, tobacco yellow; stained, perhaps, with souls of students who had failed to thrive ? She joined a queue for who-knew-what, and waited, dazed. The stone path at her feet was littered with flyers; the arched entrance had disappeared completely. What would it be like to live here, day after day? The noise, the smell of hot, competitive need ? after the country it was anathema to her.?
There is nothing in this piece that Bettina doesn?t see or think. She?s an intelligent, well-read young woman, and what she notices is that which is interesting to her. (I couldn?t resist describing the colour of the stone!)
Notice something else about the passage above: The second to last sentence is an example of free indirect speech. ?What would it be like to live here, day after day?? There is no ?she wondered? after this, or ?Bettina thought?. Writing in this way puts the reader inside her thoughts ? who else, after all, could be asking this question? The narrator, perhaps. But the narrator is nearly invisible here ? it?s as if the reader is the one observing her. Now add the following statement to the end of that piece: ?Little did Bettina know that university was about to get much, much worse ??
Arghh ? I?m in physical pain right now. I can?t stand author intrusions like this*, and although many writers seem to think this is a good way of introducing tension ? a foretelling of traumas to come ? it isn?t. It?s a bad way, a lazy way, and it pulls the reader out of the story by her hair.
Before I finish, here is another explanation of free indirect speech:
Direct speech = ?Why is Tommy wearing that penguin outfit?? she asked. Indirect speech = Why was Tommy wearing a penguin outfit, she wondered. Free indirect speech = And why on earth was Tommy wearing a penguin outfit?
Next book you read, watch out for free indirect speech, or style, and notice the effect it has on you as a reader.
* The only time this kind of statement can work is if your story is narrated in first person POV, and your narrator is telling the story of what happened to Bettina. But then you have another set of problems ? how can the narrator know so much about what Bettina is thinking? As a reader you?d have doubt the truth of some of the narrator?s story, which brings us to the idea of the unreliable narrator ? a topic for another post!
My husband has an LLC with a friend who has not been actively part of the company for some time now (at least 4 years). Each year, the partner's percentage has decreased, but instead of dissolving the company and starting over as originally planned, my husband would like for the partner to sell his share to me, for example, so that the name, reputation, etc. stays in tact. Is this legal and/or possible?
Strikeforce middleweight champion Luke Rockhold has pulled out his Nov. 3 bout with Lorenz Larkin. According to MMA Fighting, Rockhold sustained a wrist injury.
This is the second hit to the card as Frank Mir pulled out his bout with Strikeforce heavyweight grand prix champion Daniel Cormier. Weeks after Mir's withdrawal, Cormier is still without an opponent.
Rockhold's injury could not come at a worse time for the promotion owned by Zuffa, the parent company for the UFC. Late in September, they canceled a card when lightweight champion Gilbert Melendez was injured days before the fight and Showtime decided not to air the event.
Now, they have another injured champion and the two biggest fights on the card are in jeopardy.
Maternal depression affects language development in babiesPublic release date: 8-Oct-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Janet Werker jwerker@psych.ubc.ca 604-219-0185 University of British Columbia
Maternal depression and a common class of antidepressants can alter a crucial period of language development in babies, according to a new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia, Harvard University and the Child & Family Research Institute (CFRI) at BC Children's Hospital.
Published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the study finds that treatment of maternal depression with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) can accelerate babies' ability to attune to the sounds and sights of their native language, while maternal depression untreated by SRIs may prolong the period of tuning.
"This study is among the first to show how maternal depression and its treatment can change the timing of language development in babies," says Prof. Janet Werker of UBC's Dept. of Psychology, the study's senior author. "At this point, we do not know if accelerating or delaying these milestones in development has lasting consequences on later language acquisition, or if alternate developmental pathways exist. We aim to explore these and other important questions in future studies."
The study followed three groups of mothers one being treated for depression with SRIs, one with depression not taking antidepressants and one with no symptoms of depression. By measuring changes in heart rate and eye movement to sounds and video images of native and non-native languages, the researchers calculated the language development of babies at three intervals, including six and 10 months of age. Researchers also studied how the heart rates of unborn babies responded to languages at the age of 36 weeks in the uterus.
"The findings highlight the importance of environmental factors on infant development and put us in a better position to support not only optimal language development in children but also maternal well-being," says Werker, who adds that treatment of maternal depression is crucial. "We also hope to explore more classes of antidepressants to determine if they have similar or different impacts on early childhood development."
High resolution photos of Werker (reading to children) and co-author Tim Oberlander are available upon request.
Background
"These findings once again remind us that poor mental health during pregnancy is a major public health issue for mothers and their infants," says co-author Dr. Tim Oberlander, a professor of developmental pediatrics at UBC and CFRI. "Non-treatment is never an option. While some infants might be at risk, others may benefit from mother's treatment with an antidepressant during their pregnancy. At this stage we are just not sure why some but not all infants are affected in the same way. It is really important that pregnant women discuss all treatment options with their physicians or midwives."
Previous research by Werker has found that during the first months of life, babies rapidly attune to the language sounds they hear and the sights they see (movements in the face that accompany talking) of their native languages. After this foundational period of language recognition, babies begin focusing on acquiring their native tongues and effectively ignore other languages.
The current study suggests that this key developmental period which typically ends between the ages of eight and nine months can be accelerated or delayed, in some cases by several months. In another recent study, Werker has found that this development period lasts longer for babies in bilingual households than in monolingual babies, particularly for the face recognition aspects of speech.
The maternal depression and language acquisition study was co-authored by UBC post-doctoral fellow Whitney Weikum at CFRI, Tim Oberlander of CFRI, UBC's Dept. of Pediatrics and BC Children's Hospital, and Takao Hensch, a professor of neurology at Harvard University.
###
This program of research was funded by agencies including the Human Frontiers Research Program (HFSP), the Canadian Institutes for Advanced Research (CIFAR), the Michael Smith Foundation, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Maternal depression affects language development in babiesPublic release date: 8-Oct-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Janet Werker jwerker@psych.ubc.ca 604-219-0185 University of British Columbia
Maternal depression and a common class of antidepressants can alter a crucial period of language development in babies, according to a new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia, Harvard University and the Child & Family Research Institute (CFRI) at BC Children's Hospital.
Published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the study finds that treatment of maternal depression with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) can accelerate babies' ability to attune to the sounds and sights of their native language, while maternal depression untreated by SRIs may prolong the period of tuning.
"This study is among the first to show how maternal depression and its treatment can change the timing of language development in babies," says Prof. Janet Werker of UBC's Dept. of Psychology, the study's senior author. "At this point, we do not know if accelerating or delaying these milestones in development has lasting consequences on later language acquisition, or if alternate developmental pathways exist. We aim to explore these and other important questions in future studies."
The study followed three groups of mothers one being treated for depression with SRIs, one with depression not taking antidepressants and one with no symptoms of depression. By measuring changes in heart rate and eye movement to sounds and video images of native and non-native languages, the researchers calculated the language development of babies at three intervals, including six and 10 months of age. Researchers also studied how the heart rates of unborn babies responded to languages at the age of 36 weeks in the uterus.
"The findings highlight the importance of environmental factors on infant development and put us in a better position to support not only optimal language development in children but also maternal well-being," says Werker, who adds that treatment of maternal depression is crucial. "We also hope to explore more classes of antidepressants to determine if they have similar or different impacts on early childhood development."
High resolution photos of Werker (reading to children) and co-author Tim Oberlander are available upon request.
Background
"These findings once again remind us that poor mental health during pregnancy is a major public health issue for mothers and their infants," says co-author Dr. Tim Oberlander, a professor of developmental pediatrics at UBC and CFRI. "Non-treatment is never an option. While some infants might be at risk, others may benefit from mother's treatment with an antidepressant during their pregnancy. At this stage we are just not sure why some but not all infants are affected in the same way. It is really important that pregnant women discuss all treatment options with their physicians or midwives."
Previous research by Werker has found that during the first months of life, babies rapidly attune to the language sounds they hear and the sights they see (movements in the face that accompany talking) of their native languages. After this foundational period of language recognition, babies begin focusing on acquiring their native tongues and effectively ignore other languages.
The current study suggests that this key developmental period which typically ends between the ages of eight and nine months can be accelerated or delayed, in some cases by several months. In another recent study, Werker has found that this development period lasts longer for babies in bilingual households than in monolingual babies, particularly for the face recognition aspects of speech.
The maternal depression and language acquisition study was co-authored by UBC post-doctoral fellow Whitney Weikum at CFRI, Tim Oberlander of CFRI, UBC's Dept. of Pediatrics and BC Children's Hospital, and Takao Hensch, a professor of neurology at Harvard University.
###
This program of research was funded by agencies including the Human Frontiers Research Program (HFSP), the Canadian Institutes for Advanced Research (CIFAR), the Michael Smith Foundation, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.